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Vickers 131 Valiant
The Vickers Type 131 Valiant was a British general-purpose biplane produced by Vickers in 1927,〔 with the intention of replacing the Royal Air Force's Airco DH.9As, but was unsuccessful, with only a single example built, which was sold to Chile.
==Development and design==
In 1926, based on experience with the wooden-winged Vickers Vixen biplane, where the wings proved vulnerable to extremes of temperature and humidity, designed a set of metal wings for the Vixen, with which it became the Vickers Vivid, and in parallel, designed an all-metal general purpose biplane, the Vickers Type 131, hoping to replace the DH.9A in that role.〔Andrews and Morgan, pp. 187-188.〕 In 1927, the British Air Ministry issued Specification 26/27 for a DH.9A replacement which, to save money, had to use as many components of the DH.9A as possible because the RAF held large stocks of DH.9A spares. Vickers submitted the Type 131 design to the Ministry but, as it did not make use of the required DH9A components, did not receive a contract for a prototype. However Vickers decided to build a single prototype as a private venture for evaluation against the specification.〔Mason 1994, p. 191.〕
The Vickers 131 Valiant was a single-bay biplane of all-metal construction, sharing much of the structure with the Vivid. It was powered by a 492 hp (367 kW) Bristol Jupiter engine, and the crew of two sat in separate but adjacent cockpits, giving good communication between the pilot and observer. It could carry up to 500 lb (230 kg) of bombs under the wing, with a fixed Vickers machine gun for the pilot and a Lewis gun on a Scarff ring for the observer.〔Mason 1994, p. 192.〕〔Jarrett 1997, pp. 31-33.〕
The prototype had made its first flight by 5 March 1927,〔Jarrett 1997, p. 33.〕 and underwent official evaluation against the designs from Bristol (the Beaver), Fairey (the Fairey Ferret and IIIF), Gloster (the Goral) and Westland (the Wapiti). Its initial tests showed it to possess good handling,〔Andrews and Morgan 1988, p. 189.〕 and was taken forwards for squadron trials, along with the Ferret, IIIF and Wapiti.〔Jarrett 1997, p. 35.〕 Following these trials, the Wapiti was chosen as the winner, with the Valiant, which was 30% more expensive than the Wapiti,〔Mason 1994, p. 189.〕 rejected because it was a poor bombing platform, not being sufficiently stable.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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